Enclosed Spaces
The dangers of enclosed spaces on ships have been a long-standing concern in the maritime industry. Despite regulations and guidelines in place, fatalities due to enclosed space accidents continue to occur.
According to the International Group of P&I Clubs (IG P&I), there have been 83 fatalities in enclosed spaces between 2015 and 2022. These fatalities are often the result of oxygen deficiency, toxic gas exposure, or a combination of both.
Enclosed spaces on ships include areas such as cargo holds, tanks, and pump rooms. These areas can contain hazardous materials or be oxygen deficient, making them potentially deadly for crew members who enter them. Unfortunately, many of these spaces are not designed for human occupancy and may not have adequate ventilation or monitoring systems in place.
One of the most significant risks of enclosed spaces is the presence of toxic gases. These gases can be released from cargo or stored fuels and pose a serious threat to anyone entering the space. Carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, and methane are among the most common toxic gases found in enclosed spaces on ships.
Oxygen deficiency is another serious concern in enclosed spaces. When the oxygen level drops below 19.5%, crew members can experience dizziness, confusion, and loss of consciousness. In extreme cases, oxygen deficiency can lead to death.
To prevent enclosed space accidents, it is crucial to implement proper procedures and training for crew members. This includes ensuring that all personnel are trained on the hazards of enclosed spaces and understand the procedures for safe entry and exit.
Ship owners and operators must also take steps to identify and mitigate the risks associated with enclosed spaces. This includes proper ventilation, monitoring equipment, and gas detection systems. Additionally, it is essential to have an emergency response plan in place in case of an accident.
In conclusion, the dangers of enclosed spaces on ships cannot be overstated. The 83 fatalities recorded by IG P&I between 2015 and 2022 highlight the importance of taking proactive measures to prevent accidents. Proper training, procedures, and equipment can go a long way in protecting crew members and preventing future tragedies. It is essential for the maritime industry to continue to prioritize safety and take steps to minimize the risks associated with enclosed spaces.
Enclosed spaces on ships are not necessarily fully enclosed by all sides. For instance, the tops of ship holds may be open, but the cargo inside can make the lower hold's atmosphere hazardous. Such spaces are typically not considered enclosed, but changes in conditions or confinement may intermittently cause the atmosphere to become hazardous, as in diving bells or saturation chambers. As a result, personnel must exercise caution before entering any space on board a ship that has not been opened for some time. This list of spaces includes fuel tanks, double bottoms, cargo spaces, and more. Nonetheless, the list is not exhaustive, and it is necessary to be aware of potential risks in all spaces on board ship. If there is any doubt about the safety of such spaces, appropriate action should be taken.